- Proposed structures for this compound include those by Armstrong
and Ladenburg, who suggested a structure also called prismane.
Capable of Birch reduction by sodium metal and ammonia, this
relatively stable compound can undergo Friedel-Crafts reactions with
aluminum chloride as a catalyst. For 10 points--name this compound
first isolated from illuminating gas by Faraday, whose structure was
first suggested by Kekulé and whose substituted compounds
include toluene and phenol.
answer: _benzene_
- In 1926, when he was 85, he wrote a book about the orator
Demosthenes. In his teens, he translated Goethe's Faust into
French. A friend of Claude Monet, he founded the journal Aurora,
which published Emile Zola's "J'Accuse." For 10 points--name this
French statesman, nicknamed "the Tiger," who guided his country
through World War I.
answer: Georges _Clemenceau_
- With George Antheil, this woman holds a 1942 patent on a
frequency-hopping radio guidance device for torpedoes intended to foil
enemy jamming attempts. The Andy Warhol film "Notorious" was
"inspired" by her shoplifting conviction. Her career was launched by
her 10-minute nude swimming scene in the 1933 Austrian-Czech film
"Ecstasy," but declining the Ingrid Bergman roles in "Gaslight" and
"Casablanca" helped doom her career. For 10 points--name this actress
who died in January 2000, whose name was parodied by Harvey Korman's
character in "Blazing Saddles."
answer: Hedy _Lamarr_ or Hedy Kiesler _Markey_
- Samuel Taylor Coleridge argued that the best plots in the history
of English literature came from Hamlet, Ben Jonson's The
Alchemist, and this literary work. In order to ensure that the
plot was chronologically accurate, the author consulted an almanac of
events during the Jacobite rebellion, which occurs in the background
of the book. In 1734, the author married Charlotte Cradock who became
the model for Sophia Western, the love interest of the title
character. For 10 points--name this novel featuring Molly Seagrim,
Captain Blifil, and Squire Allworthy, written by Henry Fielding.
answer: The History of _Tom Jones_, A Foundling
- Born in 1853, he worked as a literature professor in Guatemala,
published a newspaper in Venezuela, and served as an Uruguayan,
Paraguayan, and Argentinian consul in New York. By 1891, he resigned
his consular posts so that he could devote full time to liberating his
homeland from imperialist Spain. He founded a revolutionary party
with the help of Cuban exiles in the United States, but died in 1895,
shortly after joining the Cuban insurrection he helped to instigate.
For 10 points--name this Cuban patriot and poet, the author of
"Guantanamera."
answer: José Julián _Martí_ (y Perez)
- Key enzymes involved in this reaction include hexokinase,
aldolase, and phosphofructokinase. In 1905, Harden and Young
discovered that inorganic phosphate is required for this reaction to
take place. Also known as the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, it is a
sequence of ten reactions occurring in the cytoplasm. For 10 points--name
this pathway with a net yield of two ATP molecules, that forms
two molecules of pyruvate from one molecule of glucose, whose name
comes from the Greek for sweet splitting.
answer: _glycolysis_ (accept early "Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway")
- The Peace of Clement IX temporarily ended a campaign of
persecution against this group. Works of theology produced by them
include Augustinus, On Frequent Communion, and the
Moral Theology of the Jesuits. For 10 points--named after a
Belgian bishop but led by the abbot of Saint-Cyran and Antoine
Arnauld, what 17th-century religious faction, most powerful in France,
counted Jean Racine and Blaise Pascal among its followers?
answer: the _Jansenists_
- He boasted that he owned the skull of a man who committed suicide
after he stole his girlfriend. In 1894, at the age of 31, he began a
long liaison with actress Eleonora Duse, for whom he wrote the plays
"La Gioconda" and "Francesca da Rimini." When World War I broke out,
this fanatic nationalist returned to Italy, losing an eye in combat.
In 1919, angry that Italy was ceding the port of Fiume to Yugoslavia,
he and 300 supporters took over the town for 15 months. For 10
points--name this Italian writer, creator of "Alcyone," and "The
Flame of Life."
answer: Gabriele _D'Annunzio_
- In 1823, this poem was published anonymously in a northeastern newspaper.
Twenty-one years later, a bible professor and amateur poet claimed
authorship. In the new book "Author Unknown," Don Foster claims that
the poem was written not by the bible professor, but by Henry
Livingston, a gentleman-poet of Dutch descent. The boisterous poem
features many anapests and -- in its first version -- it included the
Dutch words for "thunder" and "lightning," none of which would likely
be used by the German-American bible professor, Clement Clark Moore.
For 10 points--name this classic poem that begins "Twas the Night
Before Christmas."
answer: An Account of A _Visit from St. Nicholas_
(accept Twas The _Night Before Christmas_ before it gets mentioned)
- In his third year of college, he decided to drop out of
engineering and try acting, a move which caused his parents to forbid
him to use the family name, Ejercito (ay HAIR see toe). He chose the
nickname "Erap" and starred in numerous B movies as a tough fighter
of injustice. Now he faces charges of accepting payoffs from illegal
gambling and tobacco taxes. The resulting political turmoil has
caused the peso to drop in value. For 10 points--identify this man
who in 1998 succeeded Fidel Ramos as president of the
Philippines.
answer: Joseph Ejercito _Estrada_
- A heavyset man, his most treasured possessions are a canary in a
gilt cage and a concertina, upon which he plays the six sad songs he
knows. Originally a car-boy at a mine in Placer County, he becomes
apprentice to a travelling dentist and learns the profession, setting
up shop in San Francisco in a building with Old Grannis, who binds
pamphlets without reading them, and Marcus Schouler, the friend who
later ruins him. For 10 points--name this man who finds himself in
the middle of Death Valley after killing Marcus, the title character
of an 1899 Frank Norris novel that inspired the silent film
Greed.
answer: _McTeague_ (prompt on Mac)
- The name sounds the same: Cheryl, the US women's heavyweight
weightlifter who won bronze in the 2000 Olympic Games. A furniture
company based in Michigan, after which the University of Michigan's
School of Business is named. A projection useful in depicting the
structure of a carbohydrate ring. A village in West Yorkshire, the
home of the Brontë sisters. For 10 points--identify the common
name, also shared by the actress born Margarita Carmen Cansino, who
starred in the movies Miss Sadie Thompson and Gilda.
answer: _Ha(y)worth_
- He studied composition under Henry Cowell
and Darius Milhaud at the New School for Social Research, but broke
into showbusiness as the piano accompanist for Vic Damone. At the
inaugural performance of TNT's Master Series, Sheryl Crow, Luther
Vandross, Ben Folds Five, Elvis Costello, and Dionne Warwick all
gathered to record a tribute to this man. For 10 points--name this
songwriter of "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance," "What's New
Pussycat?" and "The Look of Love," who made guest appearances in both
Austin Powers movies.
answer: Burt _Bacharach_
- Contrary
to popular opinion, there is a consensus among etymologists as to the
origins of this phrase. Allen Walker Read of Columbia revealed in a
series of 1963-64 articles, that it did not derive from the name of a
Haitian port, nor from the French for "to the dock," nor from a
supplier of Army biscuits, nor from a Choctaw affirmative, nor from
the Greek for all good, but from a fad in 1839 Boston for
abbreviations and humorous misspellings; in this case, the
abbreviation for "oll korrect." For 10 points--name this widespread
phrase, which does not derive from the name of Martin Van Buren's
hometown.
answer: _O.K._ or _Okay_
- In the mid-1950s, while trying to think of a way to sneak alcohol
onto an Army base, he came up with the idea of the Jello shot. He
has abandoned the field that made him famous, saying "What good are
laurels if you can't rest on them?" and claiming that it was
impossible to satirize a world in which Henry Kissinger won the Nobel
Peace Prize. His early reviews included "More desperate than
amusing" and "Plays the piano acceptably," though later critics
praised songs such as "M.L.F. Lullaby", "The Masochism Tango", and
"The Vatican Rag." For 10 points--name this
mathematician-turned-musical-satirist whose works were collected in
the revue "Tomfoolery."
answer: Tom _Lehrer_
- While not actually evil, these creatures are bad-tempered,
callous, officious, and often civil servants. They are unpleasant
enough that evolution gave up on them in disgust; their brain
developed from a misplaced and dyspeptic liver. Their spaceships,
which look more congealed than designed, are equipped with Poetry
Appreciation chairs. For 10 points--name these creatures, whose
yellow spaceships destroyed the Earth in "The Hitchhiker's Guide to
the Galaxy."
answer: _Vogon_s
- In his early twenties, he attempted to commit suicide by
swallowing an opium pill. Instead, he fell into a deep sleep and
awoke teeming with ideas that inspired his first play. Henrik Ibsen
kept a portrait of him over his desk, supposedly because Ibsen could
not write without the gaze of his mad eyes. Frequently depressed or
paranoid, his first success came with the novel The Red Room,
which satirically described the frauds of Stockholm society. Other
early works include Master Olof and the volume of short
stories Married. For 10 points--identify this Swedish
Expressionist author of A Dream Play, The Ghost Sonata,
and Miss Julie.
answer: Johan August _Strindberg_
- The prologue states that the story was based on a criminal case
the composer's father had tried. Occurring at the Feast of the
Assumption, Nedda, the leading lady, scorns the hunchback Tonio's
advances while agreeing to meet with her lover Silvio later that
night, although she is married to Canio. Tragedy ensues as these
members of a commedia dell'arte troupe perform their play, which has a
startling resemblance to actual events. For 10 points--name this 1892
opera by Leoncavallo.
answer: I _Pagliacci_
- MacMahon, Kleber, Foch, Hoche, Carnot, D'Iena, De Wagram, De
Friedland, Marceau, Victor Hugo, De la Grande Armee, and, of course,
Des Champs Elysees (day CHAWNZ ay-lee-ZAY); these twelve avenues meet
at this intersection, the most famous and chaotic in Paris, at the
center of which you can find the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier lying
beneath the Arc de Triomphe. For 10 points--name this intersection,
French for "the star."
answer: l_'Etoile_ (accept Arc de Triomphe before it gets
mentioned)
- In the fourth chapter of this book, the
author examines how Baptists, Methodists, Calvinists, and Pietists
promoted a doctrine of "worldly asceticism." The book also draws
connections between religious and secular proponents of
self-improvement, such as the banker Jacob Fugger and Benjamin
Franklin. For 10 points--name this book that links religious
ideology to the development of an economic system, a masterwork of
Max Weber.
answer: The _Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism_